Compound presentation birth

In a compound presentation however there are multiple presenting parts. In this report we present the case of a neonate with compartment syndrome of the upper extremity associated with compound presentation presentation of a fetal extremity with the presenting part of the fetus in the birth canal.

Compound presentation prolapse of one of the limbs of the fetus alongside the head in cephalic presentation or of one or both arms alongside a presenting breech at the beginning of labor.

Compound presentation birth. The etiology of compound presentation includes all conditions that prevent complete filling and occlusion of the pelvic inlet by the presenting part. The most common causal factor is prematurity. Others include high presenting part with ruptured membranes polyhydramnios multiparity a contracted pelvis pelvic masses and twins.

It is also more common with inductions of labor involving floating presenting. Compound presentation occurs when the part of the fetus closest to the birth canal usually the head presents with an extremity next to it usually hand or arm 1. It has been estimated to affect less than 0004 of pregnancies.

In the safest presentation vertex presentation the baby is born head first with the rest of the body following. In a compound presentation however there are multiple presenting parts. Most commonly this means that the babys head and an arm come out first at the same time.

Sometimes compound presentation can occur with twins where the head of the first twin presents. Compound presentation is a fetal presentation in which an extremity presents alongside the part of the fetus closest to the birth canal. The majority of compound presentations consist of a fetal hand or arm presenting with the head.

This topic will review the pathogenesis clinical manifestations diagnosis and management of this uncommon intrapartum problem. Compound presentations are rare obstetric events and often engender much anxiety in the care team. Such concerns are usually unjustified but.

Compound presentations occur when a fetal extremity precedes or is adjacent to the presenting part. This occurs in about 11500 deliveries. Most compound presentations are either a hand or arm next to the fetal head.

Risk factors include prematurity polyhydramnios and multiple gestation. Compound presentation is defined as presentation of a fetal extremity alongside the presenting part. It may involve one or more extremities hand arm and foot with the vertex or the breech.

The majority of compound presentations is represented by the fetal hand or arm presenting with the vertex 1. During pregnancy a compound presentation is defined as presentation of a fetal extremity alongside the presenting part of the fetus. In this case report compartment syndrome of the newborn is thought to be due to compression of the forearm by contiguous passage of forearm and head into the birth canal.

Discussion of etiology key diagnostic features and surgical management will follow. In this report we present the case of a neonate with compartment syndrome of the upper extremity associated with compound presentation presentation of a fetal extremity with the presenting part of the fetus in the birth canal. The aim of this report is to increase awareness of this rare condition and its association with compound presentation to improve diagnosis and treatment.

Presentation refers to the part of the fetuss body that leads the way out through the birth canal called the presenting part. Usually the head leads the way but sometimes the buttocks or a shoulder leads the way. The most common and safest combination consists of the following.

Head first called vertex or cephalic presentation. Among women who gave birth in Australia in 2010 most fetal presentations were vertex 944. Malpresentations included breech 39 face or brow presentation 02 and shouldertransverse and compound presentations 07 Li et al 2012.

Compound presentation prolapse of one of the limbs of the fetus alongside the head in cephalic presentation or of one or both arms alongside a presenting breech at the beginning of labor. Footling presentation presentation of the fetus with one foot single footling or two feet double footling prolapsed into the maternal vagina. In this presentation the baby will arrive with one leg stretched down the birth canal.

If two legs are extended into the birth canal it is called a double footling presentation. Compound Presentation In a compound presentation more than one part of the baby arrives at the same time. The most common arrival is likely to be the head and the arm together.

This presentation is only a problem if your pelvis will not allow for the extra space necessary to birth. It sounds like you had quite an eventful birth. I am not sure how common it would be to have different providers observe two different things.

Although during a birth where there is a lot going on and multiple people focusing on different things I could see that something could not be caught especially if they arent looking for it. I am happy to add double-compound hand presentations to my QA list. Mohammed al-zaidy Group leader.

Majed al-subaie Director.